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J Physiol Volume 529, Number 1, 23-36, November 15, 2000
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The Journal of Physiology (2000), 529.1, pp. 23-36
© Copyright 2000 The Physiological Society

Pathophysiological and protective roles of mitochondrial ion channels

Brian O'Rourke

Institute of Molecular Cardiobiology, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Mitochondria possess a highly permeable outer membrane and an inner membrane that was originally thought to be relatively impermeable to ions to prevent dissipation of the electrochemical gradient for protons. Although recent evidence has revealed a rich diversity of ion channels in both membranes, the purpose of these channels remains incompletely determined. Pores in the outer membrane are fundamental participants in apoptotic cell death, and this process may also involve permeability transition pores on the inner membrane. Novel functions are now being assigned to other ion channels of the inner membrane. Examples include protection against ischaemic injury by mitochondrial KATP channels and the contribution of inner membrane anion channels to spontaneous mitochondrial oscillations in cardiac myocytes. The central role of mitochondria in both the normal function of the cell and in its demise makes these channels prime targets for future research and drug development.



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