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Topical Review |
1 Department of Human Physiology, Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, Institute of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
The 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a potent regulator of skeletal muscle metabolism and gene expression. AMPK is activated both in response to in vivo exercise and ex vivo contraction. AMPK is therefore believed to be an important signalling molecule in regulating muscle metabolism during exercise as well as in adaptation of skeletal muscle to exercise training. The first part of this review is focused on different mechanisms regulating AMPK activity during muscle work such as alterations in nucleotide concentrations, availability of energy substrates and upstream AMPK kinases. We furthermore discuss the possible role of AMPK as a master switch in skeletal muscle metabolism with the main focus on AMPK in metabolic regulation during muscle work. Finally, AMPK has a well established role in regulating expression of genes encoding various enzymes in muscle, and this issue is discussed in relation to adaptation of skeletal muscle to exercise training.
(Received 17 March 2006;
accepted after revision 10 May 2006;
first published online 11 May 2006)
Corresponding author S. B. Jørgensen: Department of Human Physiology, Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, Inst. of Exercise and Sport Sciences, 13-Universitetsparken, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Email: sbjorgensen{at}ifi.ku.dk
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